<p>The Nash-Hooper House, also known as the William Hooper House, is a historic house at 118 West Tryon Street in Hillsborough, North Carolina. Built in 1772 by American Revolutionary War general Francis Nash, it was home from 1782–1790 to Founding Father William Hooper, a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence. It is the only known home of Hooper&#39;s to survive, and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971. It is located in the Hillsborough Historic District; it is a private residence, and is not normally open to the public.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Nash-Hooper House is located in central Hillsborough, on the north side of West Tryon Street, a residential street just on the edge of the central business district. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof, clapboard siding, and a high stone foundation. A single-story ell extends to the rear, and a single-story porch, probably of 19th-century origin, extends across the front. The interior retains a number of original finishes, including wide pine floors and fireplace mantels in some rooms.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1772 by Francis Nash, a politician and general of the Continental Army, who died in the 1777 Battle of Germantown, during the American Revolutionary War. After Nashs death, it was purchased in 1782 by William Hooper, one of North Carolinas signatories of the United States Declaration of Independence, who made it his home until his death in 1790. Hooper was originally buried on the grounds, in the east side garden; his ashes were moved to Guilford Courthouse in 1894.</p><br>
<p>Alfred G. and Mary Claire Engstrom purchased the estate in 1959. In 1971 the Engstroms sold the house to Cecil Leroy Sanford, a retired career diplomat.</p><br>
<p>Other prominent residents of the house include William Alexander Graham, a Governor of North Carolina.</p><br>
<p>Salem Tavern is a historic museum property at 800 South Main Street in the Old Salem Historic District in Winston-Salem, Forsyth County, North Carolina. It was a tavern in the 18th-century town of Salem, which is now part of Winston-Salem. The tavern is owned by Old Salem Museums & Gardens and open as an Old Salem tour building to visitors. Built in 1784 and enlarged in 1815, it was the first entirely brick building in what is now Old Salem, and is one of the oldest surviving brick tavern buildings in the United States. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Salem Tavern is located on the west side of South Main Street, between Blum and East Walnut Streets. It consists of two separate buildings, one brick and one wood frame. Both are stories in height, and have gabled roofs. The brick building is set on a raised foundation, with a single-story shed-roof porch extending across the front, supported by square posts and accessed from the sidewalk by side-facing stairs. The front portion of the building houses public rooms on the ground floor, and sleeping quarters for guests above, with the kitchen and landlord&#39;s quarters in an ell to the rear. The adjacent wood-frame building housed additional sleeping quarters.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Constructed on the foundations of an earlier 1771 Tavern which burnt to the ground in 1784, the Salem Tavern was quickly rebuilt, because it formed an important function in the Moravian Church community which was a trade town. Constructed by mason Johann Gottlob Krause using bricks already on hand for another building, the Tavern reopened quickly. The Tavern complex was later expanded by the construction of a wooden building to the north in 1815, then a building connected the two was constructed in 1832. A two-story porch was run across the three buildings in 1838, but has since been removed. The Tavern was the lodgings for George Washington for two nights during his Southern Tour in 1791.</p><br>
<p>The Tavern and adjacent 1815 building have been restored to their original appearances.</p><br>
<p>The Old North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company Building, also known as the Mechanics and Farmers Bank Building, is an office building at 114-116 West Parrish Street in downtown Durham, North Carolina. It formerly served as the headquarters for the North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, which was formerly one of the nation&#39;s largest companies founded and owned by African-Americans. The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1975.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company building is located in downtown Durham, on the northside of West Parrish Street in the area known as Black Wall Street. It is a six-story brick building, three bays wide, with a flat roof. The ground floor bays are sheltered by a marquee that extends over the sidewalk, with plate glass windows in the outer bays and the main entrance recessed in the center bay. Above the marquee there are blind arches that form an arcade between the first and second floors. Pilasters rise between and outside the first floor bays to a stone course in which the words "Merchants and Farmers Bank" are incised. The five floors above have paired sash windows in each bay; the bays of the upper two floors are articulated by paneled pilasters. There are two balustraded concrete balconies projecting from the center bays of the third and fifth floors.</p><br>
<p>The North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company was founded in 1898 by a group of seven African-American men, of whom two, John Merrick and Dr. Aaron Moore, survived in the business after one year. Moores nephew, Charles Clinton Spaulding, took charge of the business in 1900, and it thereafter grew rapidly, becoming by 1910 the nations largest firm owned by African-Americans. The company had this building constructed in 1921 as its second headquarters. At that time, it was the second-tallest building in Durham, and described by Durham&#39;s Morning Herald as an "architectural gem". It was designed by Calvin E. Lightner. The first floor of the building housed the operations of the Mechanics and Farmers Bank.</p><br>
<p>The Single Brothers&#39; House was built to house the Single Brethren  of the Moravian Congregation of Old Salem, North Carolina. It is part of Old Salem Museums & Gardens and open as an Old Salem tour building to visitors. It is located at 600 South Main Street, at Academy Street, on the southwest corner.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first portion was designed by Friedrich von Marschall, a leader of the Moravian settlements. The first section was constructed, by master mason Melchior Rasp, of traditional Germanic half-timber framing, exposed brick noggin, a clay tile roof, and had a pent eave. It was completed in 1769, with carpentry work done by Christian Triebel. A later brick addition was added in 1786 by Rasp&#39;s successor, Johann Gottlob Krause to the south end. The building housed craftsmen and their apprentices, as well as provide individual trade shops. The building had kitchen and dining room, administrative offices, and a Saal (worship/meeting area). Additional buildings were constructed on the large property that provided additional space for the activities such as the (reconstructed) 1771 workshop building behind. There was also a brewery, slaughterhouse, distillery, and tannery on the parcel, as well as extensive gardens that have been partially restored.</p><br>
<p>The Single Brothers House was closed in 1823, with the oldest part used as apartments and the brick addition as a Boys School. The school occupied the building for six years, after which the building was primarily residential and eventually became known as the "Widow&#39;s House", since there were mainly single women and widows of the congregation living in it. The Single Sisters later took control of the property and eventually it was leased as part of the museum and restored in 1964.</p><br>
<p>The building belongs to the Salem Congregation, a group of Moravian churches that evolved from the original Congregational Council for Salem. The building is currently part of the tour for Old Salem Museums & Gardens. During the Advent season, it is site of the Candle Tea, a fundraiser held by the Women&#39;s Fellowship of Home Moravian Church for local non-profit agencies.</p><br>
<p>It was listed as an individual National Historic Landmark in 1970, and is contributing resource of the Old Salem National Historic Landmark District designated in 1966 and updated in 2016.</p><br>
<p>The clapboard fascia of the building&#39;s right half was removed in the second half of the 20th century, revealing the brick of that of the left half.</p><br>
<p>The Capitol Area Historic District is a national historic district located at Raleigh, North Carolina. The district encompasses 25 contributing buildings and was developed after 1792. The district includes notable examples of Classical Revival and Late Gothic Revival style architecture. Located in the district are the following separately listed buildings:</p><br>
<p>Agriculture Building, at 2 W. Edenton St.</p><br>
<p>Church of the Good Shepherd at 121 Hillsborough St</p><br>
<p>Christ Episcopal Church, at 120 E. Edenton St.</p><br>
<p>Richard B. Haywood House, at 127 E. Edenton St.</p><br>
<p>Haywood Hall, at 211 New Bern Pl.,</p><br>
<p>North Carolina State Capitol, 1 E Edenton St.</p><br>
<p>Raleigh Water Tower, 115 W. Morgan St.</p><br>
<p>State Bank of North Carolina, at 123 New Bern Pl.</p><br>
<p>Sacred Heart Church at 219 W Edenton St.</p><br>
<p>White-Holman House, New Bern Ave.</p><br>
<p>All Saints Chapel, at 110 S. East St.</p><br>
<p>Other notable buildings include the First Baptist Church (1859), Supreme Court and State Library Building (1888), Ruffin Building (1913), Revenue Building (1927), Education Building (1938, 1947), Justice Building (1939-1940), Highway Building (1950), Dr. Andrew Watson Goodwin House, and Montgomery House (1906).</p><br>
<p>It is also one of six Historic Overlay Districts in Raleigh. It was listed in 1978 on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Edenton Historic District is a national historic district located at Edenton, Chowan County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 342 contributing buildings, 4 contributing sites, and 3 contributing structures. It includes several buildings that are individually listed on the National Register. The Lane House , possibly the oldest surviving house in North Carolina, is owned by Steve and Linda Lane and is located within the district. Also located in the district are the Dixon-Powell House, William Leary House, and Louis Ziegler House designed by architect George Franklin Barber.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, with boundary increases in 2001 and 2007.</p><br>
<p>The Wells Theatre is a performing arts venue located in downtown Norfolk, Virginia. It has housed the Virginia Stage Company since 1979. The Wells Theatre is owned and operated by the City of Norfolk and is part of The Seven Venues.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The theatre opened on August 26, 1913 with a production of The Merry Countess, a Shubert musical. In 1916 Jake Wells installed a movie screen and projector, although theatrical bookings continued to occupy most of the theatres schedule. Many of Americas leading performers appeared at the Wells, among them John Drew, Maude Adams, Otis Skinner, John Philip Sousa, Billie Burke, Fred and Adele Astaire and Will Rogers. Throughout the Great Depression, the Wells continued to stage vaudeville shows and movies. Burlesque was added to the theatres repertoire around the beginning of World War II, which provided a steady source of income by attracting thousands of sailors stationed in Norfolk. Throughout the 1940s and 50s the theatre continued to operate as a movie house also. In the 1960s the Wells shared in the general decline of downtown Norfolk by converting to an X-rated movie house and occasionally staged live burlesque shows. The backstage area became the Jamaican Room, one of Norfolks infamous gin mills and brothels.</p><br>
<p>The poured-in-place, steel-reinforced concrete structure was technologically advanced for the period. The New Wells ornate decoration made the theatre the flagship of Wells Amusement Enterprises, and continues today as a well-preserved example of Beaux-Arts neoclassicism. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The theatre originally had 1,650 seats with 12 boxes and three balconies. The top balcony served as a segregated balcony "For Negro Audiences Only," and with had its own entrance and box office. A system of stairs made inside access easy, allowing waiters from Wong Pings Chinese Restaurant to serve theatre patrons on the second floor roof garden before and after performances. The downstairs Trustees Lobby facing Tazewell Street housed Doumars Cones and BBQs first location in Norfolk.</p><br>
<p>The brothers would eventually operate 42 theatres in nine states. In Norfolk, Wells operated The Granby, Academy, Colonial, NorVa, Strand, New Wells and the American Theatre. Otto managed their entire theatrical enterprise from Norfolk with multiple ticker-tape machines that allowed him to calculate each theatre&#39;s box office earnings.</p><br>
<p>St. James Church, Santee, also known as St. James Episcopal Church, Santee, is a historic church located in a remote portion of Francis Marion National Forest in Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. Built in 1768, it is a remarkably sophisticated expression of fashionable Georgian architecture in a remote area, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970 for its architectural significance. It is located on the west side of the Old Georgetown Road, several miles north of South Carolina Highway 46 and McClellanville.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>In 1706 the Province of Carolina formally established the Church of England, which divided what is now South Carolina into six parishes. This parish church was built in 1768. It is rectangular single-story masonry structure, built out of brick and covered by a slate hip roof. The front and rear facades both have a gabled temple-front projection, supported by four round brick columns. The rear projection has had the spaces between the columns bricked up, creating what now serves as the church vestry. The building&#39;s windows are round-arched with keystones, with a three-part Palladian window in the eastern wall. The interior retains original woodwork and hardware, including box pews, pulpit, and trim. The pulpit originally stood at the northern end of the long axis, but was apparently moved to the eastern wall sometime in the 18th century.</p><br>
<p>The church is one of a handful of surviving 18th-century country churches in South Carolina. It is unusual in this group because its styling is particularly sophisticated, reflecting architectural trends in Charleston at the time of its construction. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970.</p><br>
<p>St. James Church, Goose Creek, also known as the Goose Creek Church, is an Episcopal church at 100 Vestry Lane in Goose Creek, South Carolina. Built in the 1710s, it is one of South Carolinas oldest surviving buildings, and one of a small number of surviving early Georgian chapels in the nation. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>St. James Church is located on a wooded lot on the west side of Snake Road, between the Goose Creek Primary School and Goose Creek Road. It is a single story masonry structure, built out of stuccoed brick and covered with a clipped-gable slate roof. The building corners are quoined, and there is a line of simple brickwork at the eave. There are entrances at the centers of three sides, with flanking round-arch windows. The main entrance is on the west side, with flanking pilasters rising to a decorative frieze and gabled pediment. The interior has three aisles separating rows of 18th-century box pews. The east end of the building has the pulpit, with an original reading stand and sounding board. The wall behind the pulpit carries rich baroque decoration, whose central feature is the seal of George I of Great Britain.</p><br>
<p>The Province of Carolina formally established the Church of England in 1706, dividing South Carolina into six parishes. The Saint James parish church was built 1713-19 by English settlers from Barbados, and is one of the oldest Episcopal churches in the United States. The building has seen some modest alterations, and its walls were strengthened with iron tie rods in 1844. The church was damaged by an earthquake in 1886, which collapsed the west gable end.</p><br>
<p>The original churchyard is now surrounded by a brick wall. Buried in the churchyard is Ralph Izard, a former USA senator from South Carolina who served as president pro tempore of the Senate in 1794. Robert Jordan, author of The Wheel of Time series of fantasy novels, also has his ashes buried here. A monument to John Parker (1759–1832) was moved there in 1952 from the nearby Hayes Estate, for preservation.</p><br>
<p>San Jose Episcopal Church is an historic Episcopal church located at 7423 San Jose Boulevard, in the San Jose section of Jacksonville, Florida in the United States. It was built in 1925 as the San Jose Estates Administration Building. On April 10, 1985. it was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the San Jose Administration Building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The San Jose Estates Administration Building was built in 1925 by the developers of San Jose Estates. After the real estate boom collapsed, Alfred I. duPont acquired the property. Upon his death in 1935, the property passed to his widow, Jesse Ball duPont. In 1941 Mrs. duPont agreed to let it be used for Episcopal worship services and it became known as Grace Chapel. The cadets from the Bolles Military Academy located across the street used it as their chapel also and attended Sunday worship services as a body. In 1949 Mrs. duPont gave the property to the Episcopal Diocese of Florida for the founding of a new congregation, and in 1951, Grace Chapel (as it was first known) became an Episcopal Parish, with The Reverend Grover Alison as its founding priest. Alison was also serving as the priest at Church Of Our Savior in Mandarin at the same time. In 1952 he left Mandarin and moved to San Jose. In 1971, Grace Chapel Parish became San Jose Episcopal Church as the term "Chapel" no longer accurately described the broad mission of the church.</p><br>
<p>The Day School began as a mission of the church with a kindergarten program and was established to provide excellent academics in a Christian environment. This tradition continues today and the school has expanded and grown to now serve students in grades Pre-K 3 through sixth grade.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>San Jose Episcopal Church is still a functioning parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Florida. Its current rector is the Rev. Stephen Courtney Britt.</p><br>
<p>The Ramsey Mill was built by Alexander Ramsey and Dr. Thomas Foster in 1856–1857 on the Vermillion River in the town of Hastings in the USA state of Minnesota. The river had a head of 19 ft and a width of 50 ft near the 4 story gristmill. An addition included a cooper shop and storage facility. Although Ramsey sold his interest in 1877, it retained his name. Maximum output was achieved in 1894, at 125 barrels per day. On December 22, 1894, the building burned, possibly due to arson.</p><br>
<p>The Cray House is a two-room house in Stevensville, Maryland. Built around 1809, it is a rare surviving example of post-and-plank construction, and of a build of small house which once dominated the local landscape.</p><br>
<p>For these reasons it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was constructed in two stages, with the earliest portion dating to around 1809. The land upon which it stands was once called Stevens Adventure, after Francis Stevens, to whom title was granted in 1694. The first section to be built, using an unusual sort of post-and-plank method, was a three-bay, -story house. Later, a frame addition was made to the south end, also containing three bays. At this time the original roof was replaced by a gambrel roof, which ran the entire length of the house. The resulting structure is quite similar to a house style that was once relatively common during the late 18th and early 19th century in Queen Annes County, Maryland.</p><br>
<p>The house was auctioned publicly in 1914; its namesake, widow Nora Cray, later lived there with her nine children. In 1975 her heirs donated the house, and its lot, to the Kent Island Heritage Society, which group have restored and furnished it and opened it to the public.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>The earlier section of house remains fairly ordered; a central door on each facade is flanked by six-over-six-pane windows. The north gable end is a blank wall, and the chimney is "paneled", with its brickwork exposed up to the second floor. In these respects, the house is not unique, as several similar houses can still be found countywide. The modest size of the original house, too, is very much in keeping with other houses of its age from the surrounding area; such buildings were common in Tidewater Maryland well into the nineteenth century. Less common is the post-and-plank construction of the earliest portion of the house, unusual in Tidewater Maryland, and examples such as this, where the planks run from corner to corner, were virtually unknown before this example was found.</p><br>
<p>The house has a hall-parlor plan that had only one heated room per floor. Despite its small size, however, it was kitted out with full interior trim; elements include beaded board partition and baseboards, a two-piece chair rail, refined trim and a mantel on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the main dwelling, a smokehouse stands on the property, at the rear of the lot. This structure is not original to the site, but was moved to the house as a rare example of a once-common feature of houses in the region. It is currently operated as a gift shop in conjunction with the house-museum.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>When first discovered, the Cray House was thought to be a unique survival of an unusual type of post-and-plank construction. Subsequent investigations have shown that a number of these buildings remain, scattered throughout Tidewater Maryland. Unfortunately, almost all of these buildings are in threatened condition. The majority of the known examples are either small farm buildings or have been adapted as kitchen wings for larger houses. The Cray House, along with two similar buildings in southern Maryland, remain the only examples of such a structure that have remained relatively intact as dwellings.</p><br>
<p>The Cray House is one of a number of historic structures in Stevensville; many are grouped within the Stevensville Historic District, but the Cray House was listed separately. It is, however, located in the middle of the historic area, on Cockey Lane; behind it is the Stevensville Train Depot, while just down the street are the Old Post Office building and the Stevensville Bank.</p><br>
<p>The Minneapolis Saint Paul Rochester & Dubuque Electric Traction Company Depot or Orchard Gardens Railway Station, located at County Road 5 and 155th Street in Burnsville in the USA state of Minnesota was built in 1910 on the Dan Patch Line, later known as the Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway. Connecting Northfield and Minneapolis, the line carried agricultural produce from rural Dakota County to urban markets. When Orchard Gardens in Burnsville was platted in 1910, this small depot was added for the area&#39;s passengers. Orchard Gardens farmers grew onions, apples, and flowers, and produced eggs and milk until the Great Depression caused locals to find employment in Minneapolis. Then the station attracted more commuters than farmers.</p><br>
<p>The Emil J. Oberhoffer House is a historic house in Lakeville, Minnesota, United States, overlooking Orchard Lake. Emil Oberhoffer was the founder and first conductor of the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra. The home was designed by Paul Haugen, who worked for Purcell and Elmslie, an architectural firm known for its renditions of Prairie School architecture. Later the home belonged to the parents of golfer Patty Berg.</p><br>
<p>Architect Paul Haugen began his architectural career as an apprentice in Fargo, North Dakota. After moving to Minneapolis, he was influenced by the Prairie School style of architecture and ornamentation. This home was designed while he was on his own for a brief period of time around 1913. During that time he designed several residences and a school in Burnsville.</p><br>
<p>The George W. Wentworth House is a large Queen Anne style home, that was built in 1887 in West Saint Paul in the USA state of Minnesota. Wentworth was an emigre from England who traded in horses; he was also involved in local politics, working to organize the city of South Saint Paul. In the late 1880s, a dispute arose between the farmers in the western portion of the city, whom Wentworth represented, and the people living around the stockyards in the eastern portion of the city. West Saint Paul disjoined from South Saint Paul in 1889 and Wentworth remained politically active in the new city. After his death in 1908, the house remained vacant for many years before being renovated by subsequent owners.</p><br>
<p>The Good Templars Hall is a Greek Revival style public building that was built in 1858 in Nininger in the USA state of Minnesota. The Nininger Chapter of the Independent Order of Good Templars, a temperance group, built the two-story hall to have a place for socializing without alcohol. When the railroad bypassed Nininger in 1859, the town began to fail, and the building was sold to the school district. In the late 1870s the first floor was removed due to decay, and the upper floor and roof were lowered to the ground level. The building was renovated by an historical group and used as a community center until it was moved to the Little Log House Pioneer Village in 2005. A plaque has been erected near its original location.</p><br>
<p>The Serbian Home is a two-story brick building, that was built in 1924 in South Saint Paul in the USA state of Minnesota. It was built as a community center for Serbian immigrants who worked in the meatpacking industry. It served as a museum respecting the multitude of ethnic groups who have made the city their home until 2020, when it was purchased and renovated by Serbian immigrant Aleksandar Stojmenovic to serve as an event center.</p><br>
<p>St. Stefan&#39;s Romanian Orthodox Church is a historic church built in 1924 in South St. Paul, Minnesota, United States. It was built for Romanian American immigrants who worked in the meatpacking industry. It continues to serve as a Romanian Orthodox Church. The patriarchal chair is currently held by Daniel I, Archbishop of Bucharest, Metropolitan of Muntenia and Dobrudja  and Patriarch of All of the Romanian Orthodox Church.</p><br>
<p>The Holz Family Farmstead included an 80 acre family farm in Eagan in the USA state of Minnesota. Ground was broken by the Holz family in the 1870s, and they raised livestock, crops, fruits, and vegetables until 1993. The property had originally been purchased by developers intending to build residences but, in 1995, the city of Eagan purchased the property for use as a living farm museum.</p><br>
<p>The Grandin Road Commercial Historic District, also referred to as Grandin Village, is a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places located in the Raleigh Court neighborhood of the independent city of Roanoke, Virginia. Centered at the intersection of Memorial Avenue and Grandin Road , Grandin Village hosts an array of independently owned retail and dining establishments. The district has been noted as one of Roanoke&#39;s best examples of a mixed-use urban village, and has been used as a local model for future mixed-use developments within the community.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Grandin Village traces its origin to 1906 with the establishment of the Virginia Heights Land Corporation. This land corporation was responsible for the initial development of Virginia Heights after the opening of the Memorial Bridge, which serves as a connection into downtown Roanoke.</p><br>
<p>Development at the T intersection at Grandin and Memorial began with the construction of the original Virginia Heights Elementary School in 1907. By 1911, the Roanoke Street Railway Company completed a streetcar line between Raleigh Court/Virginia Heights and downtown. With this streetcar extension, development of the commercial establishments of the present-day Grandin Village accelerated.</p><br>
<p>In 1919, Virginia Heights was annexed into the city of Roanoke. The majority of the structures in the district were constructed between 1917 and 1945. During this period, the Grandin Village emerged as a major retail and service area serving the residents of southwest Roanoke.</p><br>
<p>On July 31, 1948, streetcar service to the area was abandoned, which also marked the end of streetcar transit altogether in the city of Roanoke. Much of the post-1950s development within the district was designed to accommodate the automobile. After a period of decline in the mid-20th century, the district has since rebounded and has become a local retail and dining destination.</p><br>
<h2>Grandin Theatre</h2><br>
<p>The centerpiece of the Grandin Village is the Grandin Theatre, which opened in 1932. Designed by Eubank & Caldwell, its eclectic design features elements of various revival styles, and opened as Roanoke&#39;s first suburban movie house. The theatre operated continuously through November 11, 2001, when it closed its doors due to its deteriorating condition. After its closure, the Grandin Theatre Foundation raised enough money to renovate and reopen the theatre on October 20, 2002. The Grandin survives as the lone historic movie theatre in the Roanoke Valley.</p><br>
<p>Coker Experimental Farms, also known as Coker Pedigreed Seed Company, is a National Historic Landmark agricultural site at 1257 South Fourth Street in Hartsville, South Carolina, USA. The property, which is now owned by a museum, was the location where David R. Coker conducted crucial breeding experiments to enhance the strains of cotton and other crops cultivated in the southern United States. Coker was a major force in the development of agricultural extension services in the South in the early decades of the 20th century. What remains of his farm was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<h3>Historic use</h3><br>
<p>The Coker family once owned thousands of acres of agricultural lands in the area around Hartsville, South Carolina. At their main station south of the city, David R. Coker began to apply techniques in plant hybridization discovered by Gregor Mendel in the 1860s and only brought to wider notice around the turn of the 20th century. His first experiments involved attempts to breed cotton with a longer staple, and to improve resistance to disease and pests. Coker eventually broadened his work to other crops, and was a major force in improving the education of farmers in the American South through the use of agricultural extension services. By 1963, more than half the cotton grown in the South was derived from Coker seeds, as were larger percentages of oat and tobacco crops.</p><br>
<h3>Development</h3><br>
<p>Of the original Coker farm holdings, some 220 acre of the area used by Coker in his breeding experiments was listed as a National Historic Landmark in 1964 for its significance in revolutionizing the field of agriculture in the South. This area was roughly bounded on the south by United States Route 15, the east by Swift Creek Road, the north by the Seaboard Air Line tracks, and the west by a line paralleling west of South Carolina Highway 151, and included farm outbuildings dating to the 1930s in the west side of Highway 151. By the 1990s, the outbuildings had been demolished, and the land on the west side of Highway 151 developed commercially, and the landmark designation was reduced to 145 acre, solely to the east of Highway 151. Since then, portions of the land on the east side have also been developed. A further-reduced parcel of farmland remains, on which a barn-shaped museum has been built to interpret the property and its importance.</p><br>
<h3>Legal case</h3><br>
<p>In 2005, the development of Coker Farms resulted in a seminal inverse condemnation case in the South Carolina Supreme Court, called Byrd v. City of Hartsville, that clarified South Carolina takings jurisprudence. In that case, the property owner of Coker Farm tracts sued the city of Hartsville alleging that its eleven-month delay in rezoning his parcels of Coker Farm for commercial use resulted in a taking that required just compensation. The court determined that the eleven-month delay was reasonable in light of the citys legitimate goal of keeping the Farms national historic landmark status and therefore no taking had occurred.</p><br>
<p>The Dubose Heyward House is a historic house at 76 Church Street in Charleston, South Carolina. Now a wing of a larger house, this modest two-story structure was the home from 1919 to 1924 of author Dubose Heyward , author of Porgy, one of the first works to portray Southern African-Americans in a positive light. The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Heyward House is located in the Charleston Historic District, on the east side of Church Street south of Trade Street. It is a two-story structure, with a tile roof and stuccoed exterior. It is now attached as a wing to the house immediately to its left, a three-story building. The house is not architecturally distinguished, and has principally been modified since the period of Heyward&#39;s residence by the removal of intervening walls with the adjacent house to create enlarged dining and bedrooms.</p><br>
<p>Dubose Heyward was born in 1885 into an aristocratic Charleston family, which fell upon hard times, leading him to engage in a number of low-wage jobs early in life. He was a significant early figure in the renaissance of Southern literature in the 1910s, helping found the Poetry Society of South Carolina in 1920. In 1925 he moved to North Carolina, where he wrote Porgy, his most significant claim to fame. It was unique at the time in present a southern African-American in a well-rounded and human light, and not as either a comic foil or propaganda piece. Porgy was the inspiration for George Gershwins popular folk opera Porgy and Bess, cementing the characters place in American culture. Heyward lived in this house between about 1919 and 1924.</p><br>
<p>The Heyward-Washington House is a historic house museum at 87 Church Street in Charleston, South Carolina. Built in 1772, it was home to Thomas Heyward, Jr., a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and was where George Washington stayed during his 1791 visit to the city. It is now owned and operated by the Charleston Museum. Furnished for the late 18th century, the house includes a collection of Charleston-made furniture. Other structures include the carriage shed and 1740s kitchen building.</p><br>
<p>The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1772, this Georgian-style double house was the town home of Founding Father Thomas Heyward, Jr., one of four South Carolina signers of the Declaration of Independence. A patriot leader and artillery officer with the South Carolina militia during the American Revolutionary War, Heyward was captured when the British took Charleston in 1780. He was exiled to St. Augustine, Florida, but was exchanged in 1781.</p><br>
<p>The City rented this house for George Washingtons use during the Presidents week-long Charleston stay, in May 1791, and it has traditionally been called the "Heyward-Washington House." Heyward sold the house in 1794 to John F. Grimké, also a Revolutionary War officer and father of Sarah and Angeline Grimke, the famous abolitionists and suffragettes.</p><br>
<p>In 1824, it was purchased by Mrs. Margaret Munro, who operated a boarding house. Margaret Munro left the house to her granddaughter, Elizabeth Jane Hervey, who married Tobias Cambridge Trott in 1857. The couple resided at 87 Church Street after their marriage. Tobias Trott died unexpectedly in 1863, and with the Union bombardment of Charleston at the onset of the Civil War, Elizabeth fled to the upstate with her three young children. After the city fell, Union soldiers were billeted at 87 Church Street.</p><br>
<p>A bronze marker was unveiled on May 23, 1901, reciting the history of George Washington&#39;s stay at the house in May 1791.</p><br>
<p>The property was acquired by the museum in 1929, opened the following year as Charleston&#39;s first historic house museum, and was recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The museum features a collection of historic Charleston-made furniture including the priceless Holmes Bookcase, considered one of the finest examples of American-made colonial furniture. The property also features the only 1740s kitchen building open to the public in Charleston as well as formal gardens featuring plants commonly used in the South Carolina Lowcountry in the late 18th century.</p><br>
<p>The Thayer Public Library is a public library located in the town of Braintree, Massachusetts with 102,000 books, 200 periodical subscriptions, and 8,000 videos, DVDs, music CDs, and audiobooks. The library is a member of the Old Colony Library Network.</p><br>
<h2>About the library</h2><br>
<p>The library is named for General Sylvanus Thayer, who helped found it through a $30,000 bequest in his will. The original building was dedicated June 4, 1874, and opened to the public in September of the same year. It operated as a library until 1953, when it was replaced by a larger building across the street. The 1874 building was occupied by the Braintree Water Department for many years, but is currently vacant. This building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>In 1997, the 1953 library building was razed and replaced by the current three-story brick postmodern building that opened in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Antitrust lawsuit participation</h2><br>
<p>In March 2008, the Thayer Public Library was notified that it was among several libraries in Massachusetts that would share in the 2002 settlement of an antitrust case that was brought against BMG, EMI Music, Warner Music Group, and Sony Music Entertainment by the antitrust division of Massachusetts Attorney General Martha Coakley’s office, along with the Attorneys General of thirty-nine other states. The lawsuit was settled in 2002 for $144 million, and alleged that the music distribution companies illegally inflated the price of CDs by requiring retailers to sell them at or above a set level in order to qualify for substantial advertising funding.</p><br>
<p>The Gabreil Daveis Tavern House, also known as the Hillman Hospital House, is a historic building in the Glendora section of Gloucester Township, Camden County, New Jersey, United States. This tavern was built in 1756 near the Big Timber Creek and housed boatmen who used the creek to ship goods to Philadelphia. It was designated a hospital by George Washington during the Revolutionary War.</p><br>
<p>Since its restoration, it has been the focal point of the townships history. It was listed in the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protections Historic Preservation Office in 1973 (ID# 958), and the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 (NR reference #: 77000858).</p><br>
<p>The Chew–Powell House is located at 500–502 Good Intent Road in the Blenheim section of Gloucester Township in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. The historic house was built in 1688 by James Whitall. The Chew–Powell–Wallens Burying Ground, next to the house, is considered to be the oldest cemetery in the township, and it reportedly contains the remains of early settlers, soldiers of the Revolutionary and Civil Wars and Leni Lenape Native Americans.</p><br>
<p>The structure was once well-preserved but now sits in disarray, is privately owned and maintained, currently serves as a private residence. It was listed in the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection&#39;s Historic Preservation Office in 1974,</p><br>
<p>The Dusenberry House is a mid-19th century building located on Main Street in Chatham Borough, Morris County, New Jersey, United States. It is sometimes known as the Presbyterian Parsonage, since it most notable as the home of the Rev. Joseph Meeker Ogden, pastor for 45 years of the Presbyterian church in the town currently named after him. It was also the birthplace of his son, Joseph Wallace Ogden, who founded the brokerage firm J. W. Ogden & Company.</p><br>
<p>In 1979 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It is currently used as a store.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas-Foreman Historic Home, also known as the Grant Foreman House, is a house in Muskogee, Oklahoma, United States, built by Judge John R. Thomas on a tract of prairie land. It was later named after Thomas&#39; son-in-law, Grant Foreman, by the Muskogee Historical Society and the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Grant Foreman and his wife, Carolyn Thomas Foreman, each became notable historians who wrote a number of books and articles about Oklahoma history. On display are many of their possessions, including books and memorabilia, photos, documents and Native American works of art.</p><br>
<p>When Judge Thomas moved to Muskogee after being appointed to a newly created judgeship in 1897, he had difficulty finding a suitable property for the home he wished to build. He and his daughter, Carolyn, moved into the Adams House hotel until Thomas could get a house ready. He talked to Pleasant Porter, then the Principal Chief of the Creek Nation, who agreed to sell him a 300 foot by another large vacant tract 300 foot piece of the Porter Pasture, just outside the city. The Thomases moved in during 1898.</p><br>
<p>Reportedly, there was only one small log cabin in the vicinity and no vegetation except grass. The judge planted 350 trees which provided fruit and shade. A large red oak tree in the northwest corner of the property is the only one of these original trees still standing. Carolyn and Grant collected a number of acorns while honeymooning in California in 1905. These apparently survived until the present.</p><br>
<h2>Three Rivers Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Grant-Foreman House is operated by the Three Rivers Museum. The main building of the museum, the formerly-abandoned Midland Valley Railroad Depot, was obtained in 1998 with federal grant funds.</p><br>
<h2>Note</h2><br>
<p>The Walt Whitman House is a historic building in Camden, New Jersey, United States, which was the last residence of American poet Walt Whitman, in his declining years before his death. It is located at 330 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard, known as Mickle St. during Whitman&#39;s time there.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1873, Whitman suffered a paralytic stroke and, in May the same year, his mother Louisa Whitman died; both events left him depressed. Louisa was in Camden, New Jersey at the time and Whitman arrived three days before her death. He returned to Washington, D. C., where he had been living, only briefly before returning to Camden to live with his brother George, paying room and board. Whitman spent the Christmas of 1883 with friends in Germantown, Pennsylvania while his brother was building a farmhouse in Burlington, New Jersey that included accommodations for the poet. Instead of moving with his brother, however, Whitman purchased the Mickle Street House in Camden in the spring of 1884. He was 65, and it was the first home he owned. Whitman called it his "shanty" or "coop", emphasizing its shabbiness. His brother George did not approve of the purchase and the decision strained their relationship. Others questioned Whitman&#39;s judgment as well. A friend called it "the worst house and the worst situated". Another friend noted it "was the last place one would expect a poet to select for a home."</p><br>
<p>The lot on which the home was standing was purchased in 1847 by a clerk named Adam Hare for $350. It was likely Hare who built the house. Whitman later invited Mary Davis, a sailor&#39;s widow living a few blocks away, to serve as his housekeeper in exchange for free rent in the house. She moved in on February 24, 1885, bringing with her a cat, a dog, two turtledoves, a canary, and other assorted animals.</p><br>
<p>During a yearlong tour of the United States in 1882, Oscar Wilde visited Whitman at this home. The two writers shared elderberry wine and Wilde later reflected, "There is no one in this great wide world of America home I love and honor so much". Another international visitor, an admirer named John Johnston, described meeting Whitman on a hot summer day in 1890, sitting cross-legged on a large rocking chair with his shirt open and sleeves rolled up above his elbows.</p><br>
<p>While living in the home, Whitman completed several poems, many focused on public events. One was a sonnet published in the February 22, 1885, issue of the Philadelphia Press called "Ah, Not This Granite Dead and Cold" which commemorated the completion of the Washington Monument. Some of Whitman&#39;s writing was done in his bedroom, which visitors noted was similar to a newspaper office, piled with stacks of paper. In this home, he also prepared an anthology of essays and articles November Boughs.</p><br>
<p>During his years in the house, however, Whitman only earned an estimated $1,300, of which only $20 came from royalties from Leaves of Grass and about $350 came from new works. The majority of his earnings were donations from admirers and well-wishers.</p><br>
<p>Whitmans health had been failing since before he moved into the home, worsened by another stroke he suffered in 1888, which he visited often during its construction. In the last week of his life, too weak to lift a knife or fork, he wrote: "I suffer all the time: I have no relief, no escape: it is monotony — monotony — monotony — in pain." He spent his last years preparing a final edition of Leaves of Grass. At the end of 1891, he wrote to a friend: "L. of G. at last complete—after 33 yrs of hackling at it, all times & moods of my life, fair weather & foul, all parts of the land, and peace & war, young & old". In January 1892, an announcement was published in the New York Herald in which Whitman asked that "this new 1892 edition... absolutely supersede all previous ones. Faulty as it is, he decides it as by far his special and entire self-chosen poetic utterance." The final edition of Leaves of Grass was published in 1892 and is referred to as the "deathbed edition".</p><br>
<p>Whitman died at 6:43 p.m. on March 26, 1892, a few days before his 73rd birthday. His autopsy was performed at the home and revealed that the left lung had collapsed and the right was at one-eighth its breathing capacity. A public viewing of Whitman&#39;s body was also held at the Camden home; over one thousand people visited in three hours. In his final years, Whitman had noted his appreciation for the house and for Camden. He wrote, "Camden was originally an accident—but I shall never be sorry. I was left over in Camden. It has brought me blessed returns."</p><br>
<h2>Modern history</h2><br>
<p>After Whitmans death, the majority of the homes contents remained at the house. His heirs sold it to the city of Camden in 1921 and it was opened to the public five years later. In 1947, ownership was passed to the state of New Jersey. and the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1966 (NR reference #: 66000461). The surrounding area was designated in 1970 as the Walt Whitman Neighborhood (ID# 935) within the state, and the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 (NR reference #: 78001752).</p><br>
<p>The six-room Walt Whitman House is operated as a museum by the New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry. The home is now open to the public. It is operated with help from the Walt Whitman Association. Included in the collection is the bed in which the poet died and the death notice that was taped to his front door.</p><br>
<p>The Village of East Davenport, also known simply as The Village, is located along the Mississippi River on the southeast side of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 as the Davenport Village.</p><br>
<p>It is roughly defined as the area between the Mississippi River, Spring, Judson, and 13th Streets, Kirkwood Boulevard and Jersey Ridge Road. The historic district was started as an independent community and became a part of the city of Davenport within five years. Today it is a shopping and entertainment area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1851 William H. Hildreth and Dr. G.W. Witherwax laid out a town they called Upper Davenport, which would later be called East Davenport. The area was a broad ravine along a bend of the Mississippi at the foot of the Rock Island Rapids. The area was known to rivermen as "Stubb&#39;s Eddy" for a hermit who lived in a cave in the area whose name was James R. Stubbs. The small town was ten blocks in size. By 1856 it had been incorporated into the city of Davenport.</p><br>
<p>The first industry in the town was a steam-powered sawmill which was established by Robert Christie in 1851. In the 1860s it became Lindsay & Phelps. In 1854 the Renwick & Sons mill opened. Logs were rafted down the river from the forests in the north and were processed at the mills.</p><br>
<p>In 1856 the first railroad bridge across the Mississippi River was built just south of The Village. The railroad was important in moving the lumber from the mills to the frontier out west. In 1874 the Davenport and Northwestern Railroad, which became part of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad, built a railroad trestle on the west side of The Village that remains today.</p><br>
<p>Davenport became the home to five army camps during the Civil War. Camp McClellan, the largest of the camps, was established in 1861. As the war escalated the camp served as a hospital. It was also the location of a prison for 300 members of a Sioux tribe who were involved in raids in Minnesota. They were released when President Abraham Lincoln commuted their sentences and sent them to reservations in the West.</p><br>
<p>On July 24, 1901, one of the worst fires in Davenport history occurred in The Village. A shanty town had grown up around the Weyerhaeuser Mill, Lindsay & Phelps Mill, the Roberts wood yard, and the Standard Oil storage tanks. The area was a square mile of shingles, kindling, sawdust, and 60 ft high piles of lumber. The fire began at the Rock Island Fuel Company and spread quickly. The fire was so hot it warped the rails of the railroad bed and buckled the pavement, The fire moved toward the downtown area, but stopped at the Tremont Avenue hill where St. Katherines Hall, an Episcopal girls school, was located. In the end, 20 acres of land were burned, 250 people were left homeless and businesses suffered $1.25 million in losses.</p><br>
<p>The Village was also the scene for a raid at the East Davenport Turner&#39;s Hall during Prohibition in 1928. A Federal Prohibition officer and Davenport Police Officers seized 4,185 bottles of homebrew, 90 gallons of mash, 15 crocks, 50 cans of malt, beer cases, capers, and other materials for making beer.</p><br>
<p>Today the Village of East Davenport contains many of its original Civil War era buildings that house specialty shops, restaurants, taverns and other businesses. The building stock largely dates from 1848 to 1910. The Village was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 17, 1980. The former Pierce School is individually listed on the NRHP. Lindsay Park was listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Places in 1998 and Indian Springs Park in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Nihon Go Gakko, in what was then Tacoma, Washington&#39;s Japantown, was one of 24 Japanese language schools that existed in Washington prior to World War II.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was built in 1922 to replace a smaller building and accommodate a larger enrollment. It was designed by Frederick Heath of Heath, Gove and Bell. Because Washington had laws preventing aliens from owning land, the lot was paid for by a school corporation that was made up of three Americans, and two Issei Japanese Americans. Two lots were bought for a total cost of $1,600, and the building was built at a cost of $9,000. An addition to the building was added in 1926. The school taught classes on the English language, the Japanese language, and Japanese culture.</p><br>
<p>During World War II the building was used to gather Japanese residents during World War II, before sending them to internment camps.</p><br>
<p>The University of Washington bought the building in 1993 after it established a campus in Tacoma. By this point, the decades of vacancy had left the building quite dilapidated. The same year, the university had made a request to the Tacoma Landmarks Preservation Commission for permission to demolish the building and replace it with a commemorative garden, but failed to act on their approval. In 2001, the City of Tacoma told the university that the building was a safety hazard and the following year the Preservation Commission renewed their approval of the plan for demolition. The university received an estimate of $3 million to rehabilitate the building, and decided that the cost was not feasible.</p><br>
<p>Despite being listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as well as being a City of Tacoma Landmark, the building was demolished in 2004 after having stood vacant since the 1940s. Prior to its demolition, the school was one of only two Japanese language schools left, of around four dozen that existed in the Western United States and Hawaii.</p><br>
<p>A memorial sculpture and interpretive plaque, describing the school&#39;s history and its principal Masato Yamasaki, was unveiled in 2014 on the University of Washington Tacoma campus.</p><br>
<p>The Moses H. Cone Memorial Park is a country estate in honor of Moses H. Cone in Blowing Rock, North Carolina. It is on the Blue Ridge Parkway between mileposts 292 and 295 with access at milepost 294. Most locals call it Cone Park. The park is run by the National Park Service and is open to the public. It contains 3,500 acre, a 16 acre trout lake, a 22 acre Bass Lake and 25 mi of carriage trails for hiking and horses. The main feature of the park is a twenty-three room 13,000 ft&sup2; mansion called Flat Top Manor built around the early 1900s. At the manor, there is a craft shop and demonstration center, along with an information desk and book store.</p><br>
<p>The activities in the park are walking, hiking, cross-country skiing, and horseback riding. More people use the park for hiking and horseback riding than any other activity. There is also fishing available at the two nearby fishing lakes. Many people also do amateur and professional photography, especially in the autumn. The park is open year-round and sees 225,000 people each year being the most visited recreational place on the Blue Ridge Parkway and second in visitors after the Folk Art Center that sees 250,000 visitors. Together with the Julian Price Memorial Park, it is the largest developed area set aside for public recreation on the Blue Ridge Parkway.</p><br>
<p>Moses obtained advice from noted conservationist Gifford Pinchot, the pioneering forester at the Biltmore Estate and First Chief of the US Forest Service, on planting white pine forests and hemlock hedges.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013 as Flat Top Estate, a national historic district. The district encompasses four contributing buildings and two contributing sites. They include the historic landscape, Flat Top Manor house (1899-1900), carriage house (c. 1899–1905), Cone Cemetery (1908), Sandy Flat Missionary Baptist Church (1908), and the apple barn.</p><br>
<p>The Glen Tavern Inn is a hotel located in Santa Paula, Ventura County, California. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 and is an official City of Santa Paula and Ventura County Landmark. It is in the Santa Clara River Valley, approximately 12 mi inland from the Pacific Ocean.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The hotel was built in 1911 when Santa Paula was growing and prospering as an oil town and was headquarters to Union Oil. The Tudor-Craftsman hotel was designed by famed architects Burns and Hunt and funded by a consortium of twenty-five wealthy townsmen each of whom wanted one thousand dollars for its construction. It was erected directly opposite the train depot to provide accommodations to the many newcomers lured to the area by the burgeoning oil and citrus industries, and to provide a gathering place for Santa Paula&#39;s growing high society circles.</p><br>
<p>Beginning in the 1910s, Hollywood discovered the valley hamlet of Santa Paula. Its ruggedly picturesque vistas and hills – improbably close to the sprawl of Los Angeles - provided a setting for numerous Westerns. Many Universal film professions either stayed at the hotel or ate in the restaurant during these early years. The hotel also hosted William Jennings Bryan and famous pianist Ignacy Jan Paderewski. In later years, western stars like Randolph Scott visited the hotel while on location.</p><br>
<p>Because of its popularity, the hotel struggled to house visitors to Santa Paula. After city leaders sold the hotel in 1919, the Glen Taverns new owner, Charles Estep, converted the hotels unused attic space into a third floor for guests, completing the conversion around 1920.</p><br>
<p>Eventually, as oil money and old Hollywood moved on, Santa Paula settled down into a quieter constancy of agriculture and small-town life Americana. In June 1943, during World War II, the USA Federal Public Housing Authority leased the property from Estep. The government then converted the hotel into a woman&#39;s dormitory for employees working at nearby Port Hueneme. In 1946, the lease ended and the Glen Tavern once again functioned as a hotel.</p><br>
<p>By the 1960s, the train depot became defunct, and likewise, economic development bypassed the town. For the next half-century the hotel endured a marginal existence, alternating owners and uses many times as it slowly sank into flophouse decrepitude until it was eventually rescued by developers with intentions of restoring its original grandeur.</p><br>
<p>From 2005 through 2007, the Glen Tavern Inn was extensively renovated by the Jennett Investment Group. Mid-renovation, in April 2006, the hotel sustained a fire. Fortunately, firefighters were able to douse the blaze in time to save the landmark from major harm, and the burned portion was rebuilt.</p><br>
<p>It reopened as a full-service hotel, restaurant and lounge in 2007. The renovation preserved the Inn&#39;s historical attributes alongside the addition of more modern amenities.</p><br>
<p>On February 24, 2008, the Glen Tavern Inn was awarded Certificates of Special Recognition from the United States Senate, United States Congress and the California State Assembly for the successful restoration project.</p><br>
<h2>Ghost stories</h2><br>
<p>Keeping with the hotel&#39;s motto "Where the Past Comes to Life" the Inn is allegedly haunted. In July 2007, the Ventura Paranormal Society held its annual convention there. In 2013, the inn was featured on an episode of Ghost Adventures with special guests Brit Morgan and Mimi Page. In 2014, the inn was featured on an episode of The Dead Files.</p><br>
<p>One common urban legend maintains that during Prohibition, the Inns third floor was utilized as a speakeasy, brothel and residents parlor for Mohamed Ahmed and his mother Farhiyo Abdile. The 10 year old born on August 13, 2012, was possessed when his phone randomly fell on the floor with nobody touching it. But this is not the case. The third-floor brothel story was invented in 2022 to promote the hotels haunted reputation and does match historical records. Many other legends, including tales of a murdered prostitute and gambler, were also fabricated for the same purpose.</p><br>
<p>Poole&#39;s Mill Bridge is a historic wooden covered bridge crossing over Settendown Creek  in Forsyth County, Georgia, United States, built in 1901. It is 96 feet long.</p><br>
<p>Circa 1820, Cherokee Chief George Welch constructed a gristmill, a sawmill, and a simple open bridge at the site. Welch continued to run and maintain the mills and bridge until the Cherokee removal in 1838.</p><br>
<p>The land that held the bridge and mills was won in the land lottery by John Maynard of Jackson County, Georgia, who sold the land to Jacob Scudder. Following Scudder&#39;s death in 1870 the mill and bridge were bought by Dr. M.L. Pool. A cotton gin was added at the site in 1920, but cotton was largely abandoned by local farmers when the poultry farming was introduced. The mill was left in disuse by 1947 and was burned by vandals in 1959.</p><br>
<p>The original bridge that stood at the site was washed away in a flood in 1899. It was decided that a new bridge using the Lattice truss bridge style would be built on the site. The design called for wooden pegs to be driven into holes bored into wooden beams to hold the design together. The beams were cut on site at the saw mill, but the holes were bored in the wrong positions. At this point the construction was taken over by Bud Gentry, who oversaw the redrilling of the holes. The misdrilled holes can still be seen in the bridge&#39;s beams.</p><br>
<p>In the mid-1990s the bridge began to sag and a revitalization effort began. A support pier was built in the middle of the creek. During this revitalization private citizens also donated land in the area to allow the creation of Poole&#39;s Mill Park.</p><br>
<p>The Short Hills Park historic district is the oldest area of that unincorporated community in Millburn, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. It consists of roughly a thousand acres  with 125 buildings, mostly homes, in the area developed earliest by Stewart Hartshorn, whose goal was to create an "ideal town" for living close to nature and the countryside on the 1,550 acre he bought in the area in 1877. Many of the streets follow natural contours, and Hartshorn routed them to leave as many trees standing as possible.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1980, for its significance in architecture and community planning. Millburn regulates development and redevelopment within it through a special section of its zoning. The average house within the district was valued at over $2 million in 2015.</p><br>
<p>Downtown Short Hills, NJ.jpgStores opposite train station in downtown Short Hills, 2007</p><br>
<p>The Isaac Winslow House, also known as the Winslow House Museum, is a mansion located in Marshfield, Massachusetts built around 1700. The house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History of the Isaac Winslow House</h2><br>
<p>The Isaac Winslow House is the ancestral home of the founding family of Marshfield and was considered an avant-garde South Shore mansion. The Isaac Winslow House was built circa 1699. This was the third house built on land granted to Governor Edward Winslow (1595–1655) in the 1630s who erected the first homestead.</p><br>
<p>Built by Judge Isaac Winslow, the house is virtually untouched by modernization. It has been occupied by a family of governors, generals, doctors, lawyers and judges who helped to create Marshfield and the South Shore. It survives as an example of how well-to-do landed gentry, particularly Loyalists, lived in the years prior to the American Revolutionary War.</p><br>
<p>Among its occupants were General John Winslow, leader of the Massachusetts militia, who is best known for his role in the expulsion of the Acadians from Nova Scotia—an event commemorated by Longfellow in his epic poem Evangeline. His son, Isaac Winslow, was a Loyalist doctor who quarantined and inoculated many Marshfield and Duxbury residents afflicted with smallpox. Largely because of his actions, his property was not confiscated after the Revolution. Another notable occupant was the manservant Briton Hammon, who after voyaging at sea, being captured by Indians off the coast of Florida, and his subsequent escape and reconciliation with former master John Winslow, wrote his life story, becoming among the first African-Americans to have published his work in the New World.</p><br>
<p>The house remained in the Winslow family until 1822, and was later owned by Daniel Webster. It was restored and opened to the public in 1920. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>A tour of the home shows antiques and architecture from the Winslow period, and includes items such as a Queen Anne dresser constructed around 1760.</p><br>
<p>Also on the grounds is a carriage shed housing Websters one-horse phaeton, as well as Marshfields own Concord stagecoach once used to transport passengers from Marshfield to Hingham, and a brougham formerly owned by a railroad magnate. A working blacksmith shop is on site and has been a favorite spot for many Marshfield school children on field trips to the house. Across the street is the 1857 Winslow Schoolhouse, and it shows how a school day would have been conducted prior to the American Civil War. The Tea Room, built in 1920 to serve turkey dinners used to raise money for the Winslow House restoration, is still in use for functions, lectures, field trips and dinners and can be rented out by private parties.</p><br>
<p>Since 1920, the Winslow House has been the property of the Winslow House Association, a non-profit group created specifically to promote and sustain the long-term well-being of the home. It is open to the public for tours from Memorial Day to Columbus Day, and maintains a full schedule of dinners, lectures, concerts and other community events.</p><br>
<p>The Horner site, also known as the Creek site and Horner&#39;s Corner site, and designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 48PA29, is an important archaeological site near Cody, Wyoming, United States. It is the type site for the Cody complex. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961.</p><br>
<h2>Setting</h2><br>
<p>The Horner site is located in the foothills of the Absaroka Range, on a terrace of land overlooking the confluence of Sage Creek and the Shoshone River, east of the town of Cody. The terrace is relatively flat, and has historically seen some cultivation. The area of archaeological interest has not been cultivated since its discovery. The site is on the western edge of the Bighorn Basin, an area believed to have a substantial prehistoric buffalo population.</p><br>
<h2>Archaeological history</h2><br>
<p>The site was discovered in 1939 by a local collector, on land then belonging to Pearl Horner. In 1948, he notified Glen Jepsen, an archaeologist at Princeton University, of his finds. Jepsen, who had been performing investigations elsewhere in the Bighorn Basin, organized the first excavations on the site, in August 1949. Over the next three years, a number of excavations took place at the site, garnering national press interest, and visits by a great many scientists studying the early history of man in North America. The site became important because it was the first place where both Eden and Scottsbluff projectile points were found in properly datable geological contexts, and it is this confluence that gave rise to the Cody complex</p><br>
<p>Due to the large amount of publicity, the site suffered in the following years from illegal artifact collection, compromising it to some extent. Archaeologist George Frisson, writing in 1987, opined that the site continued to be important due to its unique setting. Some deeply buried artifacts not readily discoverable by amateurs are known to remain at the site.</p><br>
<p>The Murie Ranch Historic District, also known as the STS Dude Ranch and Stella Woodbury Summer Home is an inholding in Grand Teton National Park near Moose, Wyoming. The district is chiefly significant for its association with the conservationists Olaus Murie, his wife Margaret  Murie and scientist Adolph Murie and his wife Louise. Olaus and Adolph Murie were influential in the establishment of an ecological approach to wildlife management, while Mardy Murie was influential because of her huge conservation victories such as passing the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980 and being awarded with the highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, for her lifetime works in conservation. Olaus Murie was a prominent early field biologist in the USA Biological Survey and subsequent USA Fish and Wildlife Service before retiring and becoming the president of the Wilderness Society, He was a prominent advocate for the preservation of wild lands in America.</p><br>
<p>The Murie Residence, home of Olaus and Mardy, and itself listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990, adjoins the former STS Dude Ranch. Both the Murie Residence and the STS Ranch provided accommodation for meetings of the Wilderness Society in 1953, and provided a base for writers and activists in the 1940s, 50s and 60s.</p><br>
<h2>The Muries</h2><br>
<p>Olaus Murie was responsible for landmark studies on caribou and their relationship to the environment in Alaska during the 1920s while working for the USA Bureau of Biological Survey. Along with Aldo Leopold and others, he was a prominent early voice for ecological thought in the United States. He was joined by his younger brother Adolph in 1922, and met his future wife, Margaret "Mardy" Thomas in Fairbanks in 1924. Adolph later married Mardy&#39;s half sister Louise. Olaus undertook a study of the elk population in Jackson Hole in 1927, controversially concluding that the artificially-managed elk herd exceeded the carrying capacity of the range because of the managed feeding. The study was a landmark in the development of a holistic view of ecosystems and their inhabitants. From 1937 to 1940, Adolph studied coyotes in Yellowstone National Park, publishing a report that contradicted the existing policies on predator control, leading to reversal of National Park Service policies that encouraged the elimination of coyotes in the park. Adolph continued his studies of predators, publishing The Wolves of Mount McKinley in 1944, which resulted in a similar reversal of Park Service wolf control policies in Alaska.</p><br>
<p>Olaus and Mardy Murie moved to Jackson in 1927, living in a now-vanished house that they called "Pumpkin House." Adolph and Louise moved to Jackson in 1939. At the time of the parks expansion with the creation of Jackson Hole National Monument, Olaus was at the time on the board of directors of the Wilderness Society. Olaus was also on the board of Jackson Hole Preserve, Inc., which administered the properties purchased by the Snake River Land Company for eventual incorporation into an expanded Grand Teton National Park. When the Preserve acted on a proposal to create a fenced wildlife park in Jackson Hole, Murie resigned, prompting the National Park Service to disassociate itself from the venture, which proved short-lived. In 1945, Olaus Murie left government employment and became president of the Wilderness Society, at the same time moving to the STS property. The ranch was the venue for the 1948 Wilderness Society Council. The ranch also hosted a number of prominent visitors, including grizzly bear biologists John and Frank Craighead during their early careers; John Turner, who would become Director of the USA Fish and Wildlife Service; and USA Supreme Court justice William O. Douglas. Olaus publications written at the ranch include The Elk of North America and A Field Guide to Animal Tracks. Adolph wrote The Grizzlies of North America, The Wolves of Mount McKinley and A Naturalist in Alaska. Mardy Murie wrote Two in the Far North and with her husband Olaus wrote Wapiti Wilderness, essays on Jackson Hole and life at the ranch. Olaus Murie was also a fine artist. Olaus and Margaret Muries expedition in 1956 to the Sheenjek River, on the south slope of the Brooks Range, was a key event in the eventual protection of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The Wilderness Act was passed a year after Olaus Muries death which preserved 10 million acres of land in Alaska and today has preserved 100 million acres of land in Alaska as well as impacting other parts of the United States. After the death of Olaus in 1963, Mardy Murie joined the Societys governing council and continued Olaus work, still living at the ranch.</p><br>
<p>Mardy decided to honor her husband by working to preserve the nature which they both loved. In 1980, sixteen years after her husband Olaus died at 73 years old, Mardy Murie helped pass the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act which saved one hundred million acres in Alaska. Mardy was a very passionate woman who was also very emotional. This helped her unite everybody that she talked to as she tried to conserve nature. She had the ability and the humility to reach across generations, careers, power levels and positions. Mardy lived to be 101 years old and in the course of her life was recognized by four presidents. John Denver wrote a song about her entitled, A Song for All Lovers about Mardy Murie and Olaus Murie waltzing in the Arctic wilderness.</p><br>
<h2>STS Ranch</h2><br>
<p>The STS was established by Buster and Frances Estes (née Mears) near Menors Ferry in 1921 as a dude ranch. Buster was a local, while Frances first came to Jackson Hole from Philadelphia to visit the Bar B C Dude Ranch in 1914. Mears and Estes fell in love, marrying over the objections of Mears family. In 1922 the Estes heard from Holiday Menor that 76 acre were available just down the river from Menor&#39;s Ferry on the west side of the river. The Estes built a cabin and moved in in January, 1923. The dude ranch started small, with a single guest cabin and one tent. By 1927 the STS featured a log cabin, two frame cabins, a barn, a garage, and the five-room main house. The Estes gradually expanded to a capacity of 24 dudes, charging $55 per week, less than the $70 or more charged by the White Grass or Bar B C. The ranch flourished for a while, but was badly affected by the Great Depression. Rates went down, and a portion of the property was leased to the Nelson brothers, who built what is now the Murie residence. Buster and Frances built a new log house in 1940, but closed the ranch during World War II and worked in war production in Salt Lake City. The STS was purchased by the Muries (Adolph and Louise, and Olaus and Mardy) in 1946, with Adolph and Louise living in the original ranch buildings, Olaus and Mardie living in the Nelson house after 1950. The sale to the Muries was contingent on the Muries never operating the place as a dude ranch.</p><br>
<h2>Murie Ranch</h2><br>
<p>The Murie property amounted to 77 acre next to the village of Moose. Olaus immediately removed the property&#39;s fences. The Nelson house was purchased in 1950 and occupied by Olaus and Mardy. The Muries partially dammed an offshoot of the Snake to use as a swimming hole, the work completed by beavers. Olaus wrote about the ranch and its wildlife in his book Jackson Hole with a Naturalist.</p><br>
<p>Principal structures include:</p><br>
<p>The Studio: A one-story log building built in 1947 with one room and a front porch, used by Olaus Murie as a painting and drawing studio.</p><br>
<p>Homestead Cabin/STS Lodge: The original Estes homestead, built in 1925, the Homestead Cabin was the principal building of the STS Ranch. It was expanded gradually, evolving from a square to a T-shaped plan with additions for a lounge, dining room and library. The homestead&#39;s doors are notably short, since Buster Estes was short and adapted the doors to his dimensions.</p><br>
<p>Murie Residence: Formerly the Woodbury Residence, the one story log house was built in 1942 with views of Grand Teton from within. The original house comprises eight rooms, with another room in a 1950s addition.</p><br>
<p>Chena Cabin: A one-story log building with three rooms.</p><br>
<p>Estes Cabin: The home of Buster and Frances Estes after they made their homestead cabin into the STS Lodge, the Estes Cabin was moved to the site from an unknown location in Jackson. It was originally built about 1925. After the Muries purchased the ranch, it was occupied by Inger Koedt.</p><br>
<p>Robin&#39;s Nest Cabin: Located next to the Estes Cabin, the single-room cabin was built about 1925. The Estes used it as a bedroom for their daughter, while Inger Koedt used it as a guesthouse.</p><br>
<p>Moviewood Cabin: The wood-frame cabin was built about 1925, and was used as an office and cutting room for a documentary on Mardy Murie entitled Arctic Dance: The Mardy Murie Story. It is now an office for the Murie Foundation.</p><br>
<p>Alatna Dulex Cabin: The Alatna was built about 1925 as a one-story, two-room log cabin with a communicating door between rooms, each of which has a separate exterior door.</p><br>
<p>Cabin Belvedere: A one-room 1925 log cabin.</p><br>
<p>Cabin Polaris: Similar to Belvedere, the cabin was once thought to be Adolph Murie&#39;s study, an idea now discredited.</p><br>
<p>Montana Duplex Cabin: Divided into two equal rooms, the 1925 Montana cabin was used as two guest units, with no interior door.</p><br>
<p>Wild Lone Cabin: Located at a distance from the main complex, the Wild Lone cabin was built about 1925 as a one-room log cabin.</p><br>
<p>Most of the cabins have an associated outhouse. The complex also includes a number of garages, sheds and utility buildings. A barn and storage shed were removed from the site and taken elsewhere in the 1970s.</p><br>
<p>The properties were declared a National Historic Landmark in 2006.</p><br>
<p>Obsidian Cliff, also known as 48YE433, was an important source of lithic materials for prehistoric peoples in Yellowstone National Park near Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyoming, United States. The cliff was named by Philetus Norris, the second park superintendent in 1878. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>It is located about 13 mi south of Mammoth Hot Springs, on the east side of the Mammoth-Norris section of the Grand Loop Road.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The cliff was formed from thick rhyolite lava flow that occurred about 180,000 years ago. The vertical columns are cooling fractures that formed as the thick lava flow cooled and crystallized. The Cliffs stands at an elevation of nearly 7,400 ft above sea level and goes on for about half a mile. The cliffs also extend between 150 and 200 feet above Obsidian Creek. The flow consists of obsidian, a dark volcanic glass. The obsidian is most abundant at the base of the cliff and slowly tapers off to larger concentrations of pumice at the top.</p><br>
<h2>Significance to Native Americans</h2><br>
<p>Obsidian has been quarried from the site for the past 12,000 years. Highly valued for its sharpness, Obsidian was used by Native Americans throughout the Western United States and Canada as knives, spear/arrow tips, and other ceremonial and sharp-edged objects. Thousands of pounds of obsidian was transported thousands of miles to Ohio using the Missouri, Mississippi, and Ohio rivers between ~200BC and ~400AD for use as ceremonial goods by the Hopewell Culture.</p><br>
<h2>Obsidian Cliff Kiosk</h2><br>
<p>The Obsidian Cliff Kiosk is a small structure that shelters an interpretive exhibit in Yellowstone National Park at Obsidian Cliff. The kiosk was built in 1931 as part of an effort to provide interpretive exhibits along the parks Grand Loop Road. In common with the Fishing Bridge Museum, Madison Museum and Norris Museum, the kiosk exemplifies the National Park Service Rustic style. The interpretive exhibit was designed by National Park Services Carl Russell, who provided many other innovations in visitor experiences.</p><br>
<p>This is significant as the first "wayside exhibit" in the National Park system.</p><br>
<p>The J. C. Penney Historic District is a historic district in Kemmerer, Wyoming, encompassing several properties associated with James Cash Penney . The district includes the Golden Rule Store, the first in what became the J. C. Penney department store chain, and Penneys home during the stores early years. The district was declared a National Historic Landmark District in 1978, for Penney&#39;s role in creating one of the first national department store chains.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The J. C. Penney Historic District is located on the southern edge of downtown Kemmerer, encompassing about 1.2 acre at the junction of JC Penney Drive and South Main Street. Located along the southeast side of South Main Street at this junction are two commercial buildings, of which the one on the right was the original "mother store" of the J. C. Penney department store chain. Both are two-story structures, the one on the left sporting a typical Western false front in front of a gabled roof. The Penney store building is built of stone and has a facade of marble and cast iron, with a flat roof. The district originally included a third commercial building which flanked the Penney store on its right; this building has been demolished.</p><br>
<p>Across JC Penney Drive from the two commercial buildings is a small park, in which stands the J. C. Penney House, now a historic house museum. It is a small 1-1/2 story frame house, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. It was probably built about 1900, and was home to the Penney family from 1902 to 1909. It remained Penney&#39;s property until his death in 1971.</p><br>
<p>James Cash Penney, a native of Missouri, began retailing in 1895 as a clerk in various dry goods retailers. Eventually taken into partnership with one of his employers, he opened the "Golden Rule Store" in Kemmerer in 1902 at a different location on Pine Street (no longer standing). The store quickly outgrew that space, and in 1904 he moved into the left side of this building, eventually taking it over. By 1907 he had bought out his original business partners, and opened two more stores. This was the start of a business empire that had more than $5 billion in sales in the 1970s. Penney&#39;s success was eventually emulated by other firms, notably the mail-order retailers Sears, Roebuck and Montgomery Ward, which also eventually built nationwide retail chains.</p><br>
<p>The retailer continues to operate a store in Kemmerer; it is located a short distance away from the historic district, at JC Penney Drive and Pine Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Oregon Trail Ruts State Historic Site is a preserved site of wagon ruts of the Oregon Trail on the North Platte River, about 0.5 miles south of Guernsey, Wyoming. The Oregon Trail here was winding up towards South Pass. Here, wagon wheels, draft animals, and people wore down the trail into a sandstone ridge about two to six feet, during its heavy usage from 1841–1869. The half-mile stretch is "unsurpassed" and is the best-preserved set of Oregon Trail ruts anywhere along its former length.</p><br>
<p>The site is maintained as a state historic site, and was declared a National Historic Landmark and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The trail was first recorded in 1812, when Robert Stuart and six others came through there heading east from Fort Astoria, Oregon. Traders, trappers, and missionaries used this route before 1841 when the Bartleson–Bidwell Party became the first wagon train across the trail. The number of emigrants grew from 100 plus in 1842 to over 900 in 1843. With the completion of the Union Pacific Railroad in 1869, use of the trail as an overland route to the Pacific rapidly declined, although sections of it continued to be used locally for many years.</p><br>
<h2>Site</h2><br>
<p>The trail ruts are 0.5 mi long and are worn 2 to 6 ft into a sandstone ridge. The route was chosen to avoid the marshy ground along the river. It is located on the south side of the North Platte River, 0.5 mi south of the town of Guernsey.</p><br>
<p>The Sheridan Inn is a historic hotel in Sheridan, Wyoming. Designed by the architect Thomas R. Kimball of Omaha, Nebraska in 1893, it was constructed by the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad*</p><br>
<p>as part of its development program in Wyoming associated with extension of the railway. Equipped with the first bathtubs and electric lights in that part of Wyoming, the inn was considered the "finest hotel" between Chicago and San Francisco. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.</p><br>
<p>Buffalo Bill Cody managed the hotel for the railroad from 1894 to 1896. He mostly attracted sportsmen for big game hunting in the Big Horn Mountains to the west, and hosted numerous notable guests. He often auditioned talent for his Wild West Show from the broad front porch during his ownership.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Designed in the style of hotels which Kimball had seen in Scotland, the three-story, wood-frame inn is 145 feet long under a gambrel roof, with broad porches 30 feet wide on two sides. The porches were designed with a gradual slope so that rainwater would run off. The hotel had 64 bedrooms on the second and third floors, each with its own dormer window. The large dining room sat up to 160 guests. The barns and livery stable associated with the Cody Transportation Company were at the rear of the property, but no longer survive.</p><br>
<p>After condemnation in 1967, the inn was purchased by Neltje Doubleday Kings, who had recently moved to the area from New York City. She undertook renovations and in 1968, "re-opened the Inn’s saloon, which was followed a year later by the re-opening of the dining room, the Ladies Parlor and the Wyoming Room, an all new addition to the Inn." The inn could host large social gatherings and became a center of community events. She also added a small gift shop and art gallery to the interior. She operated the inn for 18 years. She has since worked full-time as an artist, exhibiting her work under the name of Neltje.</p><br>
<p>Since 1990, the inn has been owned and operated by The Sheridan Heritage Center, Inc. The nonprofit organization has restored the entire outside of the building, installed a fire alarm system, and brought the first floor up to ADA standards and city codes. In 2006 it initiated a capital campaign to raise money for needed structural improvements in a "Core and shell" program, as interior conditions have deteriorated. Many rooms are smaller than current expectations for such space and spaces would need to be reworked. Plans are to redevelop upper floors to yield 22 rooms, with the entire facility to be operated as a boutique hotel. The national economy has affected fundraising and in April 2012, the inn faced foreclosure. On September 6, 2012, it was announced that the Sheridan Inn would close on October 1, 2012.</p><br>
<p>As of October 2013, the inn was purchased by Bob and Dana Townsend and Custom Services out of Tulsa Oklahoma. The first floor ballrooms have been reopened and a new restaurant named Open Range Bar & Grill opened in January 2015, but is now closed. The hotels rooms were opened to the public for the first time in over 50 years on May 15, 2015. The inn was then inducted into, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.</p><br>
<p>The Marshall Field and Company Building is a National Historic Landmark retail building on State Street in Chicago, Illinois. Now housing Macys State Street, the Beaux-Arts and Commercial style complex was designed by architect Daniel Burnham and built in two stages—north end in 1901–02  and south end in 1905–06. It was the flagship location of the Marshall Field and Company and headquarters Marshall Fields chain of department stores. Since 2006, it is the main Chicago and midwestern location of the Macy&#39;s department stores. The building is located in the Chicago Loop area of the downtown central business district and it takes up the entire city block bounded clockwise from the west by North State Street, East Randolph Street, North Wabash Avenue, and East Washington Street. Field and partners founded their Chicago store in 1852, and first built an expansive shopping emporium on this site in 1868. The 1901 building was the fourth for the department store at this site.</p><br>
<p>Marshall Fields established numerous important business "firsts" in this building and in the series of previous elaborate decorative structures on this site for the last century and a half, The name of the stores formerly headquartered at this building changed on September 9, 2006, as a result of the merger that produced Macys, Inc. and led to the integration of the Marshall Fields stores into the Macys now-nationwide retailing network.</p><br>
<p>The building, which is the third largest store in the world, and it was designated a Chicago Landmark on November 1, 2005. The building architecture is known for its multiple atria (several balconied atrium - "Great Hall") and for having been built in stages over the course of more than two decades. Its ornamentation includes a mosaic vaulted ceiling designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany and a pair of well-known outdoor street-corner clocks at State and Washington, and later at State and Randolph Streets, which serve as symbols of the store since 1897.</p><br>
<h2>Business history</h2><br>
<p>Although the official corporate name of the retail entity based in this building had been Marshall Field & Company (nicknamed Marshall Field&#39;s) from 1881 until 2006, the store has had five different names since its inception in 1852 as P. Palmer & Co. After being consumed by the "Great Chicago Fire" and splitting the wholesale business from the retail operations, the store resumed operations at State and Washington in a rebuilt structure, now leased from the Singer Sewing Machine Company. In 1877 another fire consumed this building, and when a new Singer Building was built to replace it at the same location in 1879, Field then put together the financing to purchase it. The business has remained there ever since, and it has added four subsequent buildings to form the integrated structure that is now called the "Marshall Field and Company Building."</p><br>
<p>Chicagos retailing center was State Street in the famous downtown "Loop" after the "Great Chicago Fire" of 1871, and this center has been anchored by Marshall Fields and its predecessor companies in this building complex. However, commuter suburbs began to have significant retail districts by the 1920s. Eventually, there was an influx of stores from other parts of the country as the pace of commercial retailing merged, consolidating, and spreading first regionally then nationwide. Nonetheless, the Marshall Field and Company Building has survived at this location. However, with the merger and conversion to Macys the emphasis of the store changed and store-branded lines replaced many designer labels, such as Dolce & Gabbana, Prada, Miu Miu and Jimmy Choo, which led to the disassembly of several designer departments of the former Fields (see picture below).</p><br>
<p>On September 9, 2006, at the time of the stores merger and conversion, the name of the building was officially changed to "Macy&#39;s at State Street". After buying out his various partners over the early post-Civil War era, Marshall Field founded the Marshall Field & Company corporate entity that survived 152 years and had arranged before his death, to have this building constructed. The sentimental objections to the conversion that both eliminated the existence of the corporate entity bearing his name and renaming the building bearing his name were widely reported in the national media of newspapers, radio and television.</p><br>
<h3>Business legend</h3><br>
<p>The store housed a business that established new retailing standards and broke many retailing conventions of the day. The company quickly became successful, and by the 1880s it was one of the three largest retailers in the country. Before Marshall Field&#39;s death in 1906, his company became the largest wholesale and retail dry goods enterprise in the world. and buying branches were located in New York City, London, Paris, Tokyo, Stockholm and Berlin.</p><br>
<p>The building continues to be the second largest store in the world. Marshall Field took over the operations of the store in 1881 and became the first merchant to post the price of the goods in plain sight, which eliminated the common practice of haggling and charging whatever the buyer would pay. purchased in his store:</p><br>
<h2>Building details</h2><br>
<p>The 13-story granite building on State Street was constructed in stages between 1902 and 1906 on a partitioned block with sections that were added to the building in 1902, 1906, 1907, and 1914. For a time, the building was the largest store in the world at 73 acre of floorspace, with the largest book, china, shoe, and toy departments of all the world&#39;s department stores.</p><br>
<p>The current building has several atria: A Louis Comfort Tiffany mosaic vaulted ceiling dome caps a 5-story balconied atrium in the southwest corner; the northwest section has a 13-story skylit atrium, and a newer atrium with a fountain in the center is bridged by double escalator banks. Crafted by a group of 50 artisans over 18 months, the Tiffany ceiling is over 6,000 ft&sup2; and made up of 1.6 million pieces of iridescent glass. It is the first iridescent glass dome and it continues to be the largest glass mosaic of its kind. Only Egypt&#39;s 3,000-year-old Temple of Karnak, with its 70 ft columns rivals the four 50 ft Ionic-style capped granite columns on the State Street façade. The building is estimated to be 150.68 ft high.</p><br>
<p>The building is known for its two exterior clocks, which weigh about 7.5 ST each,</p><br>
<p>Today, the building is located at 111 North State Street, between Washington and Randolph Streets, within the designated "Loop" Retail Historic District of the Chicago "Loop", across State Street from the "Block 37" future construction project, across Randolph Street from the Joffrey Tower, and across Wabash Avenue from The Heritage at Millennium Park. An underground public concourse connects the basement to 25 East Washington Street, which formerly housed the Marshall Fields Mens Store. The building is a major hub for the "Chicago Pedway".</p><br>
<h2>Traditions and place in popular culture</h2><br>
<p>The building has several Christmas traditions: it is known as the former production site of Frango mints and for the Walnut Room Christmas tree. It also hosts an ornate decorated display windows series at the street level. The windows display includes thirteen themed windows along State Street that in recent years have displayed the themes of the unfolding of stories of Snow White, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Paddington Bear, The Night Before Christmas, Harry Potter, and Cinderella. Annually a three-story tall Christmas tree is brought in for the Holiday season.</p><br>
<p>On November 3, 1945, American illustrator Norman Rockwell drew a picture of one of the Marshall Fields Building clocks on the cover of the famous "Saturday Evening Post" magazine, entitled "The Clock Mender". The Rockwell painting shows a man perched atop a ladder and adjusting one of the Marshall Fields clock to correspond with his own pocket watch. The presence of the old Oriental Theatre in the background evidences the location. In 1948, Rockwell donated the original painting, "The Clock Mender", to the store, where it had hung on the seventh floor. The painting has since been donated to the Chicago Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>In John Dos Passos novel The 42nd Parallel (1930), character Eric Egstrom is employed at this Marshall Fields building.</p><br>
<p>Authors G. K. Chesterton and Sinclair Lewis met in the Fields department store buildings book department, which resulted in their collaboration on the unpublished play "Mary Queen of Scotch."</p><br>
<p>Flagfields.JPGLooking down the northwest atrium with the edge of the hanging American flag in Marshall Field&#39;s</p><br>
<p>20060803 Disassembled Dolce and Gabbana Collection at Marshall Fields (1).JPGDisassembled Dolce and Gabbana Collection during conversion from Marshall Fields to Macys</p><br>
<p>Marshall Field and Company Clock Chicago June 30, 2012-126.jpgDetail of the "Great Clock" on the corner of the Marshall Field & Company Building, built 1891–1892, at North State and Washington Streets, erected 1897</p><br>
<p>Marshall Field and Company Clock Chicago June 30, 2012-125.jpgThe "Great Clock" on the corner of the Marshall Field & Company Building of 1891–1892, above a crowd of pedestrians at North State and Washington Streets, erected 1897</p><br>
<p>Marshall Field and Company Macys Chicago June 30, 2012-124.jpgThe original State Street entrance sign bronze plaque for Marshall Field and Company with adjacent new Macys signage, Chicago, 2005</p><br>
<p>Tom Sun Ranch, also known as Sun Ranch, is a historic site along the old Oregon and Mormon trails, about 6 mi  west of Independence Rock, Wyoming on Wyoming Highway 220.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The ranch&#39;s builder, Thomas Du Beau Soleil (Tom Sun), was a French-Canadian frontiersman who later became a pioneer cattleman. During the 1870s and 1880s, the ranch was typical of many medium-sized ranching operations in cattle country.</p><br>
<p>In 1882, The Cheyenne Daily Leader, remarked that "the eastern person of inquiring turn of mind who writes to his friends out west to ask what a ranch is like would find his answer in a description of Tom Sun&#39;s."</p><br>
<p>The ranch site was declared a National Historic Landmark on December 19, 1960. and</p><br>
<p>At the time of its nomination as a landmark it was one of the best preserved ranches from the cattle ranging period and was 4,160 acre in size.</p><br>
<h2>Recent development and renovations</h2><br>
<p>The ranch remained in the Sun family for four generations until 1996 when it was sold to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Since that time some of the ranch buildings have been transformed into a visitors center for nearby Martins Cove, an important Mormon historic site. Structures on the site have been stabilized and repaired, but the setting has been impacted by the development of parking lots and landscape designs not consistent with the original historic setting. However, large portions of the landmark area, particularly sections in public ownership, continue to retain their historic integrity.</p><br>
<p>The Upper Green River Rendezvous Site is a site on the Green River above and below Daniel, Wyoming, United States. On and near this location, roughly around the confluence of the river with Horse Creek, at least five of the 19th-century Rocky Mountain Rendezvous took place. A 1,200 acre area was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Upper Green River Rendezvous Site is a largely undeveloped rectangular area, roughly centered on the confluence of the Green River and Horse Creek. The area is located south of United States Route 191 between Daniel and Pinedale, with the only vehicular access provided by a ranch road which crosses the river a short way east of the confluence. The site shows no evidence of the large meetings which took place here in the 19th century.</p><br>
<p>This area is typical of the sites at which the Rocky Mountain Rendezvous took place between 1825 and 1840. The rendezvous was an organized meeting point for fur trappers, their suppliers, and the buyers of their products to meet. The meetings were first organized by William Henry Ashley, and brought a sense of organization and structure to the otherwise dispersed fur trapping and trading business. Meetings were held annually, generally centered at some location on the Green River. Five were known to be held near the confluence with Horse Creek, but all of them were sprawling affairs, due to the large number of animals needing water and forage.</p><br>
<p>Although no traces of the rendezvous themselves survive on the site, there is a commemorative marker on a rise overlooking the Horse Creek site, and there are further markers near US 191 at another rendezvous site.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Hall of Hiram Masonic Lodge No. 7 is a historic Gothic revival building on South 2nd Avenue in Franklin, Tennessee. Constructed in 1823, it is the oldest public building in Franklin. It is nationally significant as the site of negotiations leading to the Treaty of Franklin, the first Indian removal treaty agreed after passage of the 1830 Indian Removal Act. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1973. It continues to serve the local Masonic lodge.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Hiram Masonic Lodge was the first three-story building constructed west of the Allegheny Mountains. It is located in downtown Franklin, on the east side of 2nd Avenue South, between Main and Church Streets. It is a three-story brick building with Gothic Revival features. The front facade is five bays wide, with a false front extending above the gabled roof to a crenellated parapet with pyramid-topped posts and a central gable. Windows on the facade are narrow lancet-arches, set in two-story round-arch panels in the outer bays, and in a lancet-arched bay in the center. The interior has large meeting spaces on the first two floors and offices and a meeting room styled for the York Rite on the third floor.</p><br>
<p>The building houses Hiram Lodge No. 7, founded in 1809. It was built in 1823, and is the oldest public building in Franklin and the oldest Masonic Hall in continuous use in Tennessee. In 1830, it was the site of negotiations between the Chickasaw Indians and a commission headed by President Andrew Jackson, which resulted in the Treaty of Franklin. This treaty, the first of the Indian removal agreements made in the wake of the 1830 Indian Removal Act, called for the Chickasaw to sell their lands and move west to today&#39;s Oklahoma. The treaty was never ratified, and the Chickasaw were later forced into the Treaty of Pontotoc Creek.</p><br>
<p>During the American Civil War, the building was used as a hospital for wounded Union soldiers after the Battle of Franklin.</p><br>
<p>Loop Retail Historic District is a shopping district within the Chicago Loop community area in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is bounded by Lake Street to the north, Ida B. Wells Drive to the south, State Street to the west and Wabash Avenue to the east. The district has the highest density of National Historic Landmark, National Register of Historic Places and Chicago Landmark designated buildings in Chicago. It includes 74 contributing buildings and structures, including 13 separately listed Registered Historic Places, and 22 non-contributing buildings. Other significant buildings in the district include the Joffrey Tower, Chicago Theatre, Palmer House, and Page Brothers Building. It also hosts DePaul University&#39;s College of Commerce, which includes the Kellstadt Graduate School of Business and the Robert Morris College.</p><br>
<p>The district is most commonly associated with department store buildings. In its heyday the district hosted seven prominent department stores from which six buildings remain today. These include the aforementioned Marshall Field and Company Building, and Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Buildings as well as the National Register of Historic Places A. M. Rothschild & Company Store (pic) at 333 S. State St. The other department store buildings are contributing properties.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The districts period of historic significance was 1872&ndash;1949. Convenient mass transit such as streetcars and elevated trains, supported a retail corridor along State Street from Lake Street to Van Buren Street. State Street became a shopping destination during the 1900s, and is referred to in Frank Sinatras song Chicago (That Toddlin Town), where Frank refers it to "State Street, that Great Street." At one time seven major department stores were situated on State Street: Benson & Rixon, Karolls, Charles A. Stevens and Mandel Brothers (in addition to Marshall Fields and Carson, Pirie Scott).</p><br>
<p>However Chicago evolved and by the 1920s, commuter suburbs began to have significant retail districts.</p><br>
<p>In 1979, Chicago Mayor Jane Byrne converted the downtown portion into a pedestrian mall with only bus traffic allowed. Mayor Richard M. Daley oversaw the State Street Revitalization Project and on November 15, 1996, the street was reopened to traffic. In addition, the Chicago Transit Authority Red Line serves State Street and the elevated trains of the Chicago L serve Wabash and Lake streets in this district. Current revitalization is catering to the mix of student residents and other new residents with the newly available residential spaces.</p><br>
<p>Marshall Field and Company Store is a building in Oak Park, Illinois that was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 21, 1988. It is one of the two locations  that the company chose to expand to when it decided to add suburban stores. The store is a miniature replica of the Marshall Field and Company Building in the Chicago Loop and a twin of the Evanston store.</p><br>
<p>The building served as a Marshall Fields store from its opening until 1986, when Marshall Fields then-owner BATUS Inc. closed it because it was deemed out of date and too costly to operate. The building housed a Borders book store, until all the locations were closed in 2011. Today, it houses several offices.</p><br>
<p>Chinook Point is a headland in Pacific County, Washington. Located just northwest of the mouth of the Columbia River, it is historically significant for several reasons. Captain Robert Gray, the first non-native to enter the river, saw it from Chinook Point in 1792. In 1805, it was the site of an encampment by the Lewis and Clark Expedition. It has been the site of military fortifications since 1864, most notably in the late 1890s, when most of the presently surviving Fort Columbia structures were built. The point, which constitutes the most developed portion of Fort Columbia State Park, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Chinook Point is a hilly promontory on the north bank of the Columbia River, roughly east of its actual mouth, which is marked on the north by Cape Disappointment and the south by Point Adams. The point is fortified with the remains of Fort Columbia, which include thirteen buildings erected in 1902, and three artillery emplacements installed between 1897 and 1900.</p><br>
<p>The mouth of the Columbia River, the major river of the northwestern United States, was almost discovered several times before Captain Robert Gray spotted it in 1792. Spanish explorer Bruno de Heceta saw both Cape Disappointment and Point Adams, but illness aboard ship prevented him from exploring further, and his ship was then driven out to sea by currents. Heceta recorded his opinion that there was a river mouth in the vicinity. British Captain James Cook explored the coastline in 1778, but missed the entrance bay entirely due to bad weather. In April 1792, Captain George Vancouver also sailed the area, but did not see the river mouth. Also in April 1792, Captain Gray made note of the strong currents, but was unable to enter the river mouth. He returned in May, and succeeded in entering the river on May 11. This formally established an American claim to the region that withstood later challenges. Gray made a landfall near Chinook Point to trade with the local Chinook people, for whom the point is named. When the Lewis and Clark Expedition was organised in the early 19th century, the river named Columbia by Gray was one of its objectives. The expedition reached Chinook Point in November 1805.</p><br>
<p>The area became of military interest in the 1860s, when the United States embarked on a systematic improvements to its coastal defenses, including in the Pacific Northwest. A military reservation was established at Chinook Point in 1864, but was not significantly developed. It was not until 1898, when both the Spanish–American War and heightened tension with Britain over the Alaska boundary dispute prompted formal development.</p><br>
<p>Chinook Point is now part of Fort Columbia State Park, which is in turn part of the Lewis and Clark National Historical Park, a series of preserved sites commemorating the Lewis and Clark Expedition.</p><br>
<p>Trinity Episcopal Church is a historic church in Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was the first large Gothic Revival church built in Alabama. The building was designed by architects Frank Wills and Henry Dudley.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Trinity Episcopal Church was established in 1845, as the second Episcopal congregation in Mobile. Christ Church Cathedral was the first. The cornerstone for the building was placed on April 8, 1853. A yellow fever outbreak swept through the city in that year and the church&#39;s register shows that the rector conducted 49 funerals in September 1853. This appears to have delayed construction, but the building was finally completed in 1857. It was located at the corner of St. Anthony and Jackson Streets until it was moved to Dauphin Street in 1945.</p><br>
<p>Hurricane Frederic damaged the building in 1979. It removed a portion of the roofing, broke windows, and damaged the spire. All of this damage was repaired, with steel reinforcement added to the rebuilt spire.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. It was nominated for National Historic Landmark designation, but did not obtain this status due to the building having been moved.</p><br>
<p>The church building was renovated in 2010. On Christmas Day 2012 it suffered major damage from an EF2 tornado that took a path through the city. The main sanctuary lost over a third of its roof, the front gable-end wall of the parish hall collapsed, and other structural damage was caused by the storm.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Trinity Episcopal Church is Gothic Revival, in a Middle Pointed style inspired by 14th century English architecture. The church is built in brick and is an aisled nave-and-chancel structure with a monumental bell tower. This church served to inspire the rector of the Episcopal Church of the Nativity in Huntsville to hire Frank Wills to design a sanctuary for his congregation. The designs for both churches are very similar.</p><br>
